The niger delta the nigerdelta area of nigeria coincides approximately to the southsouth geopolitical zone of the country fig i. It is situated at the right bank of the bonny river approximately 65km inland from the bight of bonny. Insight into sequence stratigraphic and structural framework of the onshore niger delta basin. During the cenozoic, until the middle miocene, the niger delta grew through pulses of sedimentation over an oceanwarddipping continental basement into the gulf of guinea. Generally the delta prograded over the subsidizing continentaloceanic lithospheric transition zone, and during the oligocene spread onto oceanic crust of the gulf of guinea adesida et al. The stratigraphy of niger delta basin are as follows. The niger delta basin, located on the western edge of the african continent and southern part of nigeria, covers an area of 75,000 km 2 and consists of 900012,000 m of clastic sediments ojo et al. Use of seismic attributes and well logs data in quantitative.
The niger delta sofiri peterside patterson ogon one of the great deltaic regions in the world, the niger delta is a vast sedimentary basin constructed over time through successive thick layers of sediments dating back 4050 million years to the eocene epoch. This is located within the niger delta basin and sits in 12 feet of water. Map of the niger river basin, showing the four sub basins. It can be used to explore existing interests, to identify new prospects and to place fieldscale geological understanding into a basinwide context. The researcher found that the bulk of the hydrocarbon encountered in the niger delta basin was found to be within a depth range of 5,473,381 ft 1,668. A position of nigeria in africa and niger delta basin. From oligocene to pliocene, both the niger and congo rivers developed classic deltaic configurations, similar to that of the present day niger river a pronounced african uplift took place during the oligocene. A key to making a full evaluation of the niger delta system has been the availability of longoffset 10km, longrecord 18s twt, regional seismic data that have been prestack depth migrated. Regional setting of niger delta basin after emery et al. The niger delta is situated at the west african margin of the gulf of guinea fig. This basin is very complex, and it carries high economic value as it contains a very. During the following decades the temperature measurements in boreholes were an important element of the hydrocarbon prospecting.
An estimate of oil window in nigeria niger delta basin. Miocene time, the sediments of the cross river merged with those of the niger delta. From the niger delta south to the cape of good hope a series of basins occur along the west african coast. In the paleocene, a major transgression referred to as the sokoto transgression by reijers and others, 1997 began with the imo shale being deposited in the anambra basin to the northeast and the akata shale in the niger delta basin area to the southwest. Both structural and stratigraphy traps are common in the basin doust and omatsola, 1990. Assessing wetland services in the niger delta, nigeria. Hydrocarbon potentials of baze field, onshore niger delta.
The study area lies within the area referred to as the tertiary niger delta complex fig. Sequence stratigraphy of the niger delta, delta field, offshore nigeria. To serve you better, we have compiled the full list of federal government agencies and parastatals in nigeria. The niger delta basin, situated at the apex of the gulf of guinea on the west. The niger delta basin ranks amongst the worlds most prolific petroleum producing tertiary deltas that together account for about 5% of the worlds oil and gas reserves and for about 25% of the presentday basin areas on earth reijers et al.
May 31, 2016 the niger delta is one of the largest wetlands in the world and currently has three sites listed as ramsar wetlands of international importance. Udoh 1,2department of geology, university of port harcourt, port harcourt, nigeria. Formation evaluation of an onshore oil field, niger delta. Detailed studies on depositional sequence, genetic facies, and depositional environment were done using sequence stratigraphic tool in the paralic sequence of middle to late miocene age in the coastal swamp depobelt of the niger delta basin. Evolution of the niger delta is closely linked to the geodynamics related to the separation of the african and south american continents and the tectonics of the formation of the benue trough. The benue trough had been formed as part of the widely distributed african rift population which originated some 140 million years ago burke, 1996. Apr 30, 2009 the niger delta started to evolve in early tertiary times when clastic river input increased doust and omatsola, 1989. Hydrocarbon geology and reservoir formation characteristics of. Here, the nsukka formation is overlain by the imo formation which is the basal unit of the niger delta sedimentary package. Overpressure prediction in the northwest niger delta. This chapter discusses the different aspects of the west african coastal basins. Water quality of bodo creek in the lower niger delta basin.
Many of the nigeriaspan lines were also acquired using a deeptowed cable and. The range, standard deviation and variance of the dataset show that multichemical processes are controlling the groundwater qualityfacies and their spatial distributions. The stratigraphic sequence of the niger delta basin has been described by short and stauble 1967, ofoegbu 1985, uko et al. The niger delta is a large arcuate delta of the destructive, wavedominated type and is composed of an overall regressive clastic sequence, which reaches a maximum thickness of about 12 km in the basin centre. During the cenozoic, until the middle miocene, the niger delta grew through pulses of sedimentation over an ocean warddipping. Structural and stratigraphic mapping of delta field, agbada. While nigerian officials opt to buy shortterm ceasefires, such as the 2009 amnesty process, other governments spend too little in money and manpower to grow local civil. Geological section through the sedimentary layers of the niger deltas mouth 9. No matter where you are in your career, we would welcome you and encourage you to consider joining our community. The delta is composed of three major structural formations. The anambra basin and abakaliki anticlinorium mark its northern limit. Modeling hydrocarbon generation potentials of eocene source rocks.
From the niger delta south to the cape of good hope a series of basins occur. Evolution of the niger delta, present dynamics and the. Diagrammatic representation of the stratigraphic evolution of the niger delta. Pdf regional stratigraphic configuration and structural. The river and wetland form an important water resource for mali, a landlocked and generally dry country. How many government agencies are in nigeria how many government parastatals are in nigeria we have put together a number of government agencies and parastatals in nigeria. The sediments of the distal niger delta basin and those of the deep water douala and rio muni basins merge in the region south of bioko, giving significant petroleum potential to the whole of equatorial guineas offshore areas. The quality of groundwater in the coastal aquifer of eastern niger delta has been assessed in the present study using geostatistical techniques. Mar, 2015 detailed studies on depositional sequence, genetic facies, and depositional environment were done using sequence stratigraphic tool in the paralic sequence of middle to late miocene age in the coastal swamp depobelt of the niger delta basin. Preliminary hydrocarbon analysis of crude oils from umutubomu. Oil exploration and poverty in the niger delta region of. The niger delta is located geologically within 6 major geologic features. According to 2,todays niger delta basin starts from idah and can be mapped in an area about halfway between enugu and onitsha which is somewhere around the oji river bridge.
Analysis of shaly sand reservoir rocks in the eastern niger. The niger enters the delta basin al 820 km from ils origin and has a catchmenl area of 120,000 km2. The delta sequence is mainly a sequence of marine clays overlain by parallic sediments which were finally capped by continental sands. All oil production to date has occurred in this basin ibid. Request pdf hydrocarbon geology and reservoir formation characteristics of niger delta basin niger delta basin is abundant in oil and gas resources. Gulf of guinea, west african shield, benin hinge line, anambra basin, abakaliki fold belt, and. The niger delta basin is located on the continental margin of the gulf of. Geological map of nigeria showing the niger delta basin ref. Tectonic activities, climate and eustasy are the major factors responsible for transgression and regression through the entrant point along the present niger delta area and the deposition of marine and. The niger delta, situated at the apex of the gulf of guinea on the west coast of africa, covers an area of about 75 000 km2as shown in figure 1. Late miocene to early pliocene palynostratigraphy and. The cretaceous section has not been penetrated beneath the niger delta basin, the youngest and southernmost sub basin in the benueabakaliki trough reijers and others, 1997. The niger delta basin is characterized with shale diapirs, growth faults and associated rollover anticlines.
Characterization of the upper cretaceous sediments in the. List of federal government agencies and parastatals in. During the cenozoic, until the middle miocene, the niger delta grew through pulses of sedimentation over an ocean. In 1965, the delta 1 well was completed and the delta field opened in 1968 for production. On 1 february 2004, to mark world wetlands day, mali will announce the designation of the entire inner niger delta 4,119,500 hectares as a. There are seven sedimentary basins in nigeria of which the niger delta basin is key, having a thickness of about 12 km in the depocenter short and stauble, 1967 and an area extent of approximately 75,000 km2 essentially in southern nigeria and the gulf of guinea, offshore nigeria. The niger delta basin, located on the western edge of the african.
The region is the most blessed deltas in the world, in both human and material resources but the unfavorable manner in which these resources are harnessed overtime, is the bane of the regions predicament. Xfield is located in the onshore depobelt of the niger delta basin, where thick late cenozoic clastic. The formation comprising over 90% sandstone with shale. Many of the nigeriaspan lines were also acquired using a deeptowed cable and source, which also helps to improve image quality. The main hydrological factor of the delta is yearly flooding. As a sedimentary basin, the niger delta en compasses a region that is much larger than the geographical extent of the modern delta constructed by the niger benue drainage systems. In the eocene, the coastline shape became convexly curvilinear, the longshore drift cells switched to divergent, and sedimentation changed to being wavedominated reijers and others, 1997. An estimate of oil window in nigeria niger delta basin from. The niger delta basin, also referred to as the niger delta province, is an extensional rift basin located in the niger delta and the gulf of guinea on the passive continental margin near the western coast of nigeria with suspected or proven access to cameroon, equatorial guinea and sao tome and principe. Nov, 2015 8 the niger delta the niger delta province petroleum geology i ss 2014 fig. The coastal sedimentary basin of nigeria has been the scene of three depositional cycles. Chapter 8 the west african coastal basins sciencedirect. Northern delta, greater ughelli, central swamp, coastal swamp and offshore depobelt fig.
The delta field is located offshore from nigeria on oil mining leases oml 49 and 95. It has a regressive clastic succession of about 1012 km thick, comprising a shelf, broad slope area and basin floor 10. The benin formation is the topmost lithostratigraphy and it is a continental deltaic sands. Weathered layer delineation in an x field in the niger delta basin of nigeria. While at the inner delta and the middle niger, the basin witnessed a midlevel flow situation due to the arrival of the guinean flood or black flood, which started on these parts. The niger delta lithology is predominantly siliciclastic, and the direction of current at discharge to the niger delta is. Analysis of shaly sand reservoir rocks in the eastern. The niger delta is a wavedominated delta located on the continental margin of the gulf of guinea that formed in the paleogene. Sequence stratigraphy and depositional environments of. Foraminifera biostratigraphy and paleoenvironment of well. Niger delta sedimentary basin is a large arcuate delta of the destructive dominated wave type that has been explored for oil and gas and exploited since 1958. The hydrocarbon reservoirs in this study were found to be in the agbada formation, which is in conformity with the geology of the niger delta, nigeria. Niger delta akataagbada petroleum system of9950h, chapter a. The study area is within the niger delta basin in southern nigeria.
Depobelt and structural play map of the niger delta basin showing the study area. The niger delta basin is divided into five depobelts namely. One of the worlds largest deltas, the immense coastal. In this paper, the thermal state of the niger delta basin is presented. The bulk of the hydrocarbon encountered in the niger delta basin was found to be within a depth range of 5,473,381ft 1,668. Sediment supply to the niger delta is sourced from the northern nigerian massif, the west african massif, adamawa massif, oban massif, benue trough, bida basin, anambra basin, and abakaliki trough 9figure 3a.
Act regarding navigation and economic cooperation between the states of the niger basin, done at niamey, niger, 26 october 1963, entered into force 1 february 1966 1963 act. From the eocene to the present, the delta has prograded southwestward, forming depobelts that represent the most active portion of the delta at each stage or its development. There had, however, been strong tendencies in the past to merge the anambra basin with the niger delta basin as one extensive coastal basin or simply to, consider one an extension of the other 4. The field of study is located in the northern depobelt of the niger delta basin in the gulf of guinea. Buhari approves executive management for river basin devt.
Stratigraphy and sedimentology of the niger delta in. Geoligical section through the agbadaakataformation showing sedimentary deposits and time. Purchase of an open document does not constitute license for republication in any form, nor does it allow web posting without prior written permission. Jan 12, 2017 niger delta river basin development authority ndrbda. The delta lies on a thick prism of clastic sediments which forms the prominent. Three main tracks of this log section lithology track, resistivity track, and the neutron and density porosity tracks were analyzed. This was aimed at increasing the resolution for prediction of reservoir, seal, and source rocks in the eastern part of the basin.
The fundamental causative event for the origin of the niger delta basin was the breakup of the gondwana supercontinent. The inland delta of the niger river in mali is a vast expanse of lakes, channels, and marshes. Subsurface temperatures from continuous temperature logs in 260 wells allowed to stabilize were used in determining the. The thermal state of the niger delta basin is presented. Stratigraphic column showing the three formations of the niger delta. The niger delta is one of the most prolific hydrocarbon provinces in the world. Conflict in the niger delta more than a local affair summary neither nigeria nor foreign donors are investing enough to end violent conflict in the niger delta. Geostatistical assessment of groundwater quality from. Niger delta province, nigeria, cameroon, and equatorial guinea, africa by michele l.
The niger river, which rises in the mountains of guinea and enters the sea through its delta in southern nigeria, is about 2,600 miles in length. As a sedimentary basin, the niger delta en compasses a region that is much larger than the geographical extent of the modern delta constructed by the nigerbenue drainage systems. The cretaceous section has not been penetrated beneath the niger delta basin, the youngest and southernmost subbasin in the benueabakaliki trough reijers and others, 1997. Pdf stratigraphic configuration, structural style, depositional sequence and. The ideas expressed on location, geologic and tectonic setting is from.
Data can be provided workstationready, with many key horizons interpreted. The first began with a marine incursion in the middle cretaceous and was terminated by a mild folding phase in santonian time. Abstract lithofacies, depositional sequences and reservoir stratigraphy of the deep offshore field, otherwise. The study adopted both field and laboratory based analytical procedures to generate the data required. Tectonosequence stratigraphic interpretation of late. The niger basin has been governed by a series of agreements in the postcolonial era, including. Trough and the niger delta are still not very clear due to stacking of the basins 2. The niger delta is framed on the northwest by a subsurface continuation of the west african shield, the benin flank. Modeling hydrocarbon generation potentials of eocene.
The depobelts in this basin form one of the largest regressive deltas in. A comparative sedimentological and structural modelimplications for exploration traps. The region is home to nearly 30 million people, and 60% depend directly on the services provided by the environment such as fish and clean drinking water for their wellbeing. Sequence stratigraphy and depositional environments of middle. Integrating well logs, biostratigraphy, and 3d seismic data. Sediments, offshore depobelt, niger delta, nigeria matthew o. The niger river divides into countless channels and forms the largest wetland in western africa. It is found that, on land, they are separated from one another by precambrian basement, but when traced offshore they merge into a single wedge of sediment. Estimation of reservoir potentials of two wells in niger. Outline of geology of niger delta 1 geoscienceworld. Subsurface temperatures obtained from continuous temperature logs in 260 wells allowed to stabilize for several months were used in determining the geothermal gradients in the niger delta. The niger delta basin is situated in the gulf of guinea in equatorial west africa, between latitudes 30n and 60n and longitudes 50e and 80e reijers et al, 1996 fig. Weathered layer delineation in an x field in the niger. The niger delta is important in crude oil correlation studies because it is one of.
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